Publications

Shear Transfer Mechanism between CFRP Grid and EPS Rigid Foam Insulation of Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels

Yaman, T. S., & Lucier, G. (2023), BUILDINGS, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13040928

A new concept for improving the structural resilience of lap-welded steel pipeline joints

Keil, B. D., Fappas, D., Gobler, F., Sarvanis, G. C., Chatzopoulou, G., Lucier, G., … Karamanos, S. A. (2022), THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES, 171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2021.108676

Long-term behavior of precast, prestressed concrete sandwich panels reinforced with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer shear grid

Nafadi, M. K., Lucier, G., Yaman, T. S., Gleich, H., & Rizkalla, S. (2021), PCI JOURNAL, 66(5), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij66.5-01

Prestressed MF-FRP: Experimental Study of Rapid Retrofit Solution for Deteriorated Prestressed C-Channel Beams

McCoy, B. C., Bourara, Z., Lucier, G. W., Seracino, R., Liu, M., & Lin, S.-H. (2021), JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001536

Bending response of lap welded steel pipeline joints

Sarvanis, G. C., Chatzopoulou, G., Fappas, D., Karamanos, S. A., Keil, B. D., Lucier, G., … Mielke, R. D. (2020), THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES, 157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.107065

Flexural performance of pretensioned ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete beams with CFRP tendons

Sturm, A. B., Visintin, P., Seracino, R., Lucier, G. W., & Oehlers, D. J. (2020), COMPOSITE STRUCTURES, 243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112223

Anchor Bolt Patterns for Mechanically Fastened FRP Plates

McCoy, B. C., Bourara, Z., Seracino, R., & Lucier, G. W. (2019), JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES FOR CONSTRUCTION, 23(4). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000951

Numerical simulation and experimental corroboration of galvanic corrosion of mild steel in synthetic concrete pore solution

Mohammadian, A., Rashetnia, R., Lucier, G., Seracino, R., & Pour-Ghaz, M. (2019), CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES, 103, 263–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.04.027

Boundary Elements of Special Reinforced Concrete Walls Tested under Different Loading Paths

Haro, A. G., Kowalsky, M., Chai, Y. H., & Lucier, G. W. (2018), EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA, 34(3), 1267–1288. https://doi.org/10.1193/081617EQS160M

Influence of geometry and fiber properties on rupture strain of cylindrical FRP jackets under internal ICE pressure

Sadeghian, P., Seracino, R., Das, B., & Lucier, G. (2018), COMPOSITE STRUCTURES, 192, 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.02.077

View all publications via NC State Libraries

Grants

TSA: Flexure Capacity of Concrete Beams

OTS Acquisition Group, LLC(5/10/22 - 8/10/22)

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TSA: Flexure Capacity of Concrete Beams

Sponsor: OTS Acquisition Group, LLC

Start Date: 5/10/22

End Date: 8/10/22

Abstract

TSA: Flexure Capacity of Concrete Beams

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Creations in Concrete: An Integrated Architecture and Civil Engineering Instructional Project in Precast Concrete

PCI Foundation(8/16/22 - 8/15/26)

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Creations in Concrete: An Integrated Architecture and Civil Engineering Instructional Project in Precast Concrete

Sponsor: PCI Foundation

Start Date: 8/16/22

End Date: 8/15/26

Abstract

Jointly, the North Carolina State University School of Architecture (SOA) and Department of Civil, Construction, & Environmental Engineering (CCEE) are seeking multi-year funding from the PCI Foundation to introduce architecture and civil engineering students to precast concrete systems and solutions. This proposal identifies existing courses in which precast concrete is minimally taught or mentioned and proposes an advanced architecture studio course integrated with a civil engineering projects course. Both courses will be dedicated to precast concrete applications. They will begin in Spring 2023, continue for 4 years, and will significantly expand the instruction and knowledge of precast and prestressed concrete for NCSU students and faculty.

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Integration of Repair and Remediation Methods into Pipe Material Selection Approach

NC Department of Transportation(8/01/21 - 7/31/23)

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Integration of Repair and Remediation Methods into Pipe Material Selection Approach

Sponsor: NC Department of Transportation

Start Date: 8/01/21

End Date: 7/31/23

Abstract

In a recent research project a pipe material selection software was developed. This software enables estimation of the service life of pipes made from different materials based on their anticipated exposure conditions. The linked GIS database is used to automatically compute the anticipated exposure condition corresponding with GPS coordinates input by the user for a given project. The culvert pipe materials commonly used by NCDOT have been included in the software: reinforced concrete, galvanized steel, aluminized steel, cast iron, mild steel, aluminum alloy, and polymeric pipes. Based on conversations with NCDOT, additional scope for the software is desired and identified as follows: i. The developed software selection guide only considers material type and exposure condition in the selection process. It is desirable to integrate NCDOT’s structural requirements into the selection process such that NCDOT engineers can use a single software to select pipe materials based on both durability and structural requirements. ii. The current software does not provide an estimate of how service life can be extended by repair and rehabilitation. It is desirable to upgrade the software to account for the additional service life expected from various rehabilitation measures, and to develop a comparative analysis of possible repair methods in terms of expected impact on service life. iii. The current software does not account for the effects of approaches to mitigate adverse subsurface exposure on the service life of installed pipes. Addressing the effects of mitigation is desirable since in many projects, backfill soil is different from native soil. The work proposed herein aims to update the current software to include: (i) An upgraded pipe selection guide software that integrates structural requirements, repair and rehabilitation methods, and mitigation strategies into a unified pipe selection guide, and (ii) provisions accounting for the effects of various repair and rehabilitation methods on the service life of the pipe materials.

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Evaluation, Design, and Repair of Precast Concrete Dapped End Beams - CICI Core Project

Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure (CICI) - NCSU Research Site(1/01/21 - 12/31/22)

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Evaluation, Design, and Repair of Precast Concrete Dapped End Beams - CICI Core Project

Sponsor: Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure (CICI) - NCSU Research Site

Start Date: 1/01/21

End Date: 12/31/22

Abstract

Precast double tees with thin stems are a widely used and highly successful floor member in parking structures and other buildings. Frequently, the end supports are dapped such that the bottom of the double tee is level with the bottom of the inverted tee or ledger beam on which it is supported. The dapped connection detail is especially important at crossovers between spans in parking structures because the overall structural depth and floor-to-floor height need not be increased where the double tee is supported by an inverted tee beam. Double tees with dapped ends are typically 24” to 30” deep and often carry parking loads, however, much deeper tees (48”) are becoming more common due to the heavier loads and longer spans needed in data centers and other specialty structures.

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Creep Behavior of CFRP Wythe Connectors - CICI Core Project

Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure (CICI) - NCSU Research Site(1/01/21 - 6/30/21)

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Creep Behavior of CFRP Wythe Connectors - CICI Core Project

Sponsor: Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure (CICI) - NCSU Research Site

Start Date: 1/01/21

End Date: 6/30/21

Abstract

A precast concrete sandwich panel is typically comprised of a rigid foam core with a layer of concrete on each face. A wythe connector bridges the insulating core and joins the concrete wythes structurally. Traditionally, solid zones of concrete or steel ties have been used as wythe connections, however, these methods are thermally inefficient. The thermal bridging created is significant, and more thermally efficient wythe ties are needed. Enter a wide variety of proprietary FRP wythe connectors on the market. Carbon fiber grid is one option for wythe connection in precast concrete sandwich wall panels that is both thermally and structurally efficient. The system has been tested extensively under static and cyclic loads. It has not been tested as extensively for creep deformation over time. The experimental plan includes loading several small wall panels with full-scale cross-sections for long durations. Standard “push specimens” will be used and will be tested prior to loading (control specimens) and after sustained loading for 1 year. Various levels of sustained loading will be selected at percentages of the ultimate loads sustained by the control samples.

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Impact Study of NCSU Co-Taught PCI Funded Studio Creations in Concrete on Student Learning

PCI Foundation(9/01/20 - 5/30/22)

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Impact Study of NCSU Co-Taught PCI Funded Studio Creations in Concrete on Student Learning

Sponsor: PCI Foundation

Start Date: 9/01/20

End Date: 5/30/22

Abstract

Jointly, the North Carolina State University School of Architecture (SOA) and Department of Civil, Construction, & Environmental Engineering (CCEE) are seeking funding from the PCI Foundation to study the impact of the NCSU PCI funded studio, Creations in Concrete, on architecture (ARC) and civil engineering (CE) student learning. This study would survey students that have participated in Creations in Concrete and compare those results with surveys of ARC and CE students that did not participate in the studio. The survey would interrogate Creations in Concrete’s impact on student learning of precast concrete as a building material, benefits of professional connections, and experiences with collaborating with other disciplines.

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Evaluation of the Bonner Bridge Girders: Assessing Residual Capacity, Prestressing Losses and Degradation of the 56 Year Old Members

NC Department of Transportation(1/01/21 - 12/31/23)

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Evaluation of the Bonner Bridge Girders: Assessing Residual Capacity, Prestressing Losses and Degradation of the 56 Year Old Members

Sponsor: NC Department of Transportation

Start Date: 1/01/21

End Date: 12/31/23

Abstract

The NCDOT is in the process of deconstructing the 56 year old Bonner Bridge. This deconstruction provides an opportunity to evaluate the aged girders of the bridge and to compare their performance to load rating calculations. Such a comparison will provide a better understanding of the accuracy and assumptions associated with prestressing losses and will allow for refinements to the load rating procedures. This project focuses on a complete performance evaluation of the Bonner Bridge girders including full-scale load testing of 9 of the 61 ft. by 45 in. deep AASHTO Type III girders. The load testing will be conducted in the Constructed Facilities Lab (CFL) located at North Carolina State University. The research will provide recommendations for updates to the NCDOT Structures Management’s Manual guidelines. These assessments will also include directly evaluating the current amount of stress (after losses) in the girder prestressing steel; the condition, strength and stiffness of the concrete materials; and the location and extent of damage and repair of the girders.

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Confinement of Square Reinforced Concrete Columns with FRP Wraps - CICI Core Project

Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure (CICI) - NCSU Research Site(7/01/19 - 6/30/21)

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Confinement of Square Reinforced Concrete Columns with FRP Wraps - CICI Core Project

Sponsor: Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure (CICI) - NCSU Research Site

Start Date: 7/01/19

End Date: 6/30/21

Abstract

A project focused on the strengthening of reinforced concrete columns under reverse cyclic loading is proposed. Concrete columns will be produced with integrated foundations and will be strengthened with various types of Fiber Reinforced Polymer strengthening systems. The strengthening will be focused on flexural strengthening through confinement and on shear strengthening through external FRP stirrups. All columns will be loaded under reverse cyclic load histories in the presence of axial load. The goal of the program will be to investigate whether various systems can meet building code requirements for FRP strengthening systems.

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Fiber Reinforcement for Latex Modified Concrete Overlays

NC Department of Transportation(8/01/19 - 4/30/22)

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Fiber Reinforcement for Latex Modified Concrete Overlays

Sponsor: NC Department of Transportation

Start Date: 8/01/19

End Date: 4/30/22

Abstract

A large number of bridge deck rehabilitations are performed each year in North Carolina. Latex Modified Concrete (LMC) and LMC–Very Early Strength (LMC-VES) are frequently used in these rehabilitations because these materials provide reasonable installed performance and allow for a rapid return to service. Over the last 5 years, the NCDOT has completed an average of about 25 overlays per year using LMC or LMC-VES materials. The vast majority of these projects are highly successful. However, despite comprehensive NCDOT guidelines and specifications (such as PSP003 and PSP004), substantial cracking is sometimes observed in these overlays shortly after installation. Prior research funded by NCDOT has indicated that if placement and curing follows proper construction procedures, then the primary causes of cracking (such as shrinkage and plastic shrinkage) in LMC and LMC-VES materials are unlikely to develop. However, other secondary mechanisms can potentially cause cracking, including vibration of the structure during casting and curing, temperature changes during casting, and slight differential settlement/deflection of supporting decks as overlay placement progresses across a bridge. These suspected secondary causes of cracking are difficult (or impossible) to mitigate in practice. In practice, it can also be difficult to completely enforce proper construction procedure, which can lead to some shrinkage cracking. For example, fogging above fresh LMC-VES is allowable, but allowing water to accumulate on the material during placement and finishing is not – the distinction is sometimes difficult to monitor and enforce in the field.

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Durability of Pipe Materials in Soils

NC Department of Transportation(8/01/19 - 12/31/21)

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Durability of Pipe Materials in Soils

Sponsor: NC Department of Transportation

Start Date: 8/01/19

End Date: 12/31/21

Abstract

A large number culvert pipes are installed every year in North Carolina. While the loading and structural requirements for these pipes are considered during the selection process, the exposure condition of these culverts receives less attention. Many pipe choices exist including reinforced concrete, galvanized steel, aluminum, aluminized, and various types of plastic. Choosing the right pipe for the right installation is a non-trivial task that carries significant financial impact. Factors such as structural capacity, environmental durability, anticipated life-span, required pipe size, site conditions, and available construction expertise are all important when selecting a pipe. Existing NCDOT selection tables provide some limited guidance, but often result in highly-conservative selections being made, particularly from the perspective of matching pipe materials to site environmental conditions. Selection of the wrong pipe material (or an overly-conservative pipe material) can result in significant excess cost. If materials degrade too quickly, costly re-work is required, and additional costs and risks may be incurred due to reduced performance of the degraded pipe. If high-cost and high-performance materials are selected in areas where they are not needed, then initial construction costs can increase dramatically. For example, in many situations, aluminized corrugated steel pipe can likely provide the same useful service life as corrugated aluminum pipe at a dramatically reduced cost. Aluminum pipe may be justified in regions with salt-water exposure, however, it is likely an over-conservative choice for regions where contact with salt will be incidental. Accounts from NCDOT personnel have indicated widespread use of aluminum pipe in regions where it is likely not needed (i.e., regions with limited salt exposure).

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